What is Tisha B'av in Judaism?
Over time, Tisha B’Av has come to symbolize the calamities experienced by Jews throughout history, including the timeline of the Holocaust, such as deportations from the Warsaw Ghetto to Treblinka, which began in 1942. Furthermore, the day is marked by mourning and reflection, as Jews observe a 25-hour fast, refrain from bathing, wearing leather shoes, and engaging in pleasurable activities. In synagogues, the Book of Lamentations (Eicha) is read, and at the Western Wall, gatherings occur to mourn the loss of the two Temples and to pray for renewal. That being said, in Israel, the holiday has become a time for national reflection, with discussion circles and panels considering the future of the Jewish people and the state. Overall, Tisha B’Av symbolizes collective memory of loss and resilience. The day serves as a reminder of the consequences of internal strife and baseless hatred, which Jewish tradition teaches.
Why it matters
Tisha B’Av is a day of mourning and a call to unity, backed by hope for the rebuilding of Jerusalem and a better future for Israel.
Frequently Asked Questions:
1) Why is Tisha B'Av Commemorated?
Tisha B'Av commemorates the destruction of the First and Second Temples: The First Temple was destroyed by the Babylonians in 586 BCE, and the Second Temple was destroyed by the Romans in 70 CE in Jerusalem. The day, known as the most solemn and saddest day of the Jewish calendar, also commemorates the fall of Betar in 135 CE and the expulsion of Jews from Spain in 1492. (liberaljudaism.org/holidays-faq-tisha-bav/)
2) Are there any restrictions for Jews who take part in commemoration?
Yes! Five major prohibitions for Jews who take part in the commemoration of Tisha B'Av. They are required to fast for approximately 25 hours (sunset to nightfall), are prohibited from eating or drinking, bathing or washing, applying lotions, oils, or cosmetics, wearing leather shoes, and marital relations. (jewfaq.org/tisha_bav)
3) Why do Jews fast on Tisha B'Av?
Fasting connects Jews to their history, specifically to the generations from 2,000 years ago who have done the same, and to future generations who will take part in the same. (myjewishlearning.com/article/tisha-bav-faq/)