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What Was Brexit?
5/28/2026

What Was Brexit?

On January 31, 2020, the United Kingdom officially left the European Union, a decision which first arose in 2016 under former Prime Minister David Cameron. The idea was primarily driven by a desire to reclaim national sovereignty as the nation had been struck by an immigration crisis, and most Britons fell on the newly imposed regulations and the status of Britain’s democratic institutions.

The key factor that stood out in the UK’s decision was the failure of Cameron’s effort to secure key reforms in negotiations with EU leaders at a meeting in February, 2016. The campaign for Brexit was backed by the message “taking back control.” Approximately four years later, the UK officially left the Union, but faced significant changes. Although they regained control of their borders, trade agreements, and immigration policy, this meant losing access to the EU single market; meaning new trade barriers and adjustments to their economy. Furthermore, some saw Brexit as a cause to worry for more countries exiting, while others saw it as a chance for European Union reform. Overall, Brexit had a heavy impact on Britain and Europe. In the first time in the EU’s history, this was the first time a country had left, leading to a disruption in European integration that had been alive for decades. 


Why it matters

Brexit reshaped Britain’s relationship with Europe and forced both sides to reconsider issues of sovereignty, trade, and the future of European integration.

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