How Did the Edict of Milan Impact Christians in the Roman Empire?
In 313 CE, the Edict of Milan was issued by the Roman Emperors Constantine the Great and Licinius, in an effort to overturn the illegality of Christians practicing their faith. Before the edict was put into place, Christians faced frequent persecution, as their beliefs heavily contradicted those of Roman polytheistic traditions, as well as the emperors’ authority.
From 313 CE onward, Christians were now welcome to openly worship without fear of punishment from the government.
During this period, between 10,000 and 100,000 Christians lost their lives before the public order was put into place.
Although they were now free to openly practice their religion, confiscated church property was also restored, state-sponsored persecution was eliminated, and the rate of those who practiced Christianity skyrocketed to 50%.
That being said, the number of churches and Christian communities grew.
Overall, the significance of the Edict of Milan eventually paved the way for Christianity to become a dominant force in Roman society and the Roman Empire.
Therefore, the cultural and social influence of Christianity grew rapidly after 313 CE, as religious liberty became prosperous amongst the state.
Frequently Asked Questions
1) Did the Edict of Milan make Christianity the official state religion?
No, it only granted Christianity legal status and equality with other religions. Christianity did not become the sole official state religion until Emperor Theodosius I took power in 380 CE.
2) What Practical changes did it introduce?
The Edict of Milan ordered the immediate return of confiscated Christian property, the release of Christian prisoners, and the legal right to organize as well as build churches.
3) When was the Edict of Milan written?
The Edict of Milan was written in February 313 AD.
Why it matters
The Edict of Milan was the first official act in Roman history to grant Christians the freedom to practice their religion without persecution, ending centuries of fear, as well as setting a precedent for religious tolerance in the empire and beyond.